Russia and Belarus conducted a simulated nuclear strike as part of their joint military exercises, Zapad-2025, which this year are being monitored by delegations from several NATO nations, including the U.S.
Starting on Friday and concluding on Tuesday, these drills are designed to evaluate the capacity of Belarus and Russia to defend against enemy assaults and reclaim territory that may have been lost, as reported by the Belarusian Defense Ministry. The Zapad-2025 exercises have raised concerns among NATO members, particularly in Eastern Europe, where Poland and nearby nations undertook their own military activities earlier this summer.
General Pavel Muraveiko of Belarus mentioned that the exercises involved “planning and assessing the potential application of non-strategic nuclear weapons, along with the evaluation and deployment of the Oreshnik mobile missile system.”
The Oreshnik, a hypersonic ballistic missile, was initially presented by Russia during a strike on Ukraine last November and is viewed by many analysts as more of a political show than a showcase of a groundbreaking weapon. Belarusian President Aleksander Lukashenko subsequently requested that Moscow deploy the missile system in Belarus due to perceived threats from NATO countries such as Poland, Lithuania, and Germany.
Muraveiko noted that Russian forces contributed their insights and experiences from the ongoing conflict in Ukraine, specifically in areas like drone warfare and combat in urban settings. The training also involved operations to assault urban locations and counter “illegal armed groups,” he added.
Belarusian officials had previously stated that this year’s exercises would be more limited and conducted further into the country. They reported the participation of approximately 13,000 troops, a stark reduction from the around 200,000 present during the last Zapad exercise in 2021, which took place before Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
Contrasting his own officials, President Vladimir Putin made an unexpected appearance at the drills in Belarus on Tuesday and asserted that the number of participating soldiers is 100,000.
According to The Times, India contributed 65 soldiers, as confirmed by India’s Defense Ministry. New Delhi’s ties with Moscow have strengthened, particularly after U.S. President Donald Trump recently imposed a 25% tariff on Indian goods due to the country’s continued purchase of Russian oil.
Russian news outlets have reported that soldiers from Iran, Bangladesh, and countries including Burkina Faso, Congo, and Mali also took part in the exercises.
Belarus extended invitations to observers from nine NATO member states and other nations to promote “openness and transparency.” On Monday, the Belarusian Defense Ministry unveiled footage of two U.S. Air Force lieutenant colonels shaking hands with Belarus’s Defense Minister Viktor Khrenin.
These exercises are taking place amid growing tensions between NATO and Russia, exacerbated by Poland’s announcement last week that it had intercepted Russian drones entering its airspace during extensive strikes on western Ukraine.
Prime Minister Donald Tusk characterized Zapad-2025 as “very aggressive” and expressed concerns over the drills occurring “very close” to Poland’s borders. Ukrainian officials have warned that Russia might leverage the exercises as a pretext for launching another offensive from Belarus.